Small amounts of pollen are produced in mango. The mango inflorescence is a branched terminal panicle , 10 to 60 cm long, comprising from a few hundred to several thousand individual flowers, requiring up to a month for all to open. The number of panicles may range from 200 to 3,000 per tree with 500 to 10,000 flowers per panicle yielding 100,000 to 30 million flowers per tree. Sometimes, the entire tree comes into bloom at one time, covering itself with sweet-scented flowers. The flower opens early in the morning and the stigma is immediately receptive. Maximum pollen shedding is from about 8am to noon. When the flowers open, they secrete nectar in considerable quantity, which attracts a large number of insects however, relatively little pollen is produced on the anther .
Mango flowers are pollinated by various ways, there is some self-fertilisation, and some wind pollination and insects (bees, ants and flies) play the most important role. Honeybees are probably the most important insect visitor to the mango flowers. Colonies of honeybees within the mango grove results in increased floral visitation and possibly a more stabilised set of fruit. The mango flowers do not appear to be overly attractive to honey bees and they tend to open in large numbers at a time of year when many other flowers are also available, so visitation in commercial orchards is likely to be far below that necessary for maximum floral visitation. If such is the case, a heavy concentration of colonies in the orchard, possibly 6 to 12 per hectare, may be necessary to obtain maximum fruit set. |